This is an automated translation of the German version of this document. For clarification of inaccuracies see the German original here.
Declaration Introduction
With the following data protection declaration, we would like to inform you about what types of your personal data (hereinafter also referred to as "data") we process for which purposes and to what extent. The data protection declaration applies to all processing of personal data carried out by us, both as part of the provision of our services and in particular on our websites, in mobile applications and within external online presences, such as our social media profiles (hereinafter collectively referred to as "online offer").
The following overview summarizes the types of data processed and the purposes of their processing and refers to the persons concerned.
Types of Data Processed
Inventory Data.
Contact details.
content data.
usage data.
Meta/Communication Data.
Categories of data subjects
Communication partners.
user.
Purposes of processing
Provision of contractual services and customer service.
Contact Requests and Communication.
direct marketing.
feedback.
Marketing.
Provision of our online offer and user-friendliness.
Relevant legal bases
Below you will find an overview of the legal bases of the GDPR, on the basis of which we process personal data. Please note that, in addition to the provisions of the GDPR, national data protection regulations may apply in your or our country of residence or domicile. If more specific legal bases are relevant in individual cases, we will inform you of them in the data protection declaration.
Consent (Art. 6 Para. 1 S. 1 lit. a. GDPR) - The person concerned has given their consent to the processing of their personal data for a specific purpose or several specific purposes.
Fulfillment of contract and pre-contractual inquiries (Art. 6 Para. 1 S. 1 lit. b. DSGVO) - The processing is necessary for the fulfillment of a contract to which the data subject is a party, or for the implementation of pre-contractual measures, which are required at the request of the data subject respectively.
Legal obligation (Art. 6 Para. 1 S. 1 lit. c. GDPR) - The processing is necessary to fulfill a legal obligation to which the person responsible is subject.
Legitimate interests (Art. 6 Para. 1 S. 1 lit. f. GDPR) - Processing is necessary to safeguard the legitimate interests of the person responsible or a third party, unless the interests or fundamental rights and freedoms of the data subject, which protect personal Data require prevail.
In addition to the data protection regulations of the General Data Protection Regulation, national data protection regulations apply in Germany. This includes in particular the law on the protection against misuse of personal data in data processing (Federal Data Protection Act - BDSG). In particular, the BDSG contains special regulations on the right to information, the right to erasure, the right to object, the processing of special categories of personal data, processing for other purposes and transmission as well as automated decision-making in individual cases including profiling. Furthermore, it regulates data processing for the purposes of the employment relationship (§ 26 BDSG), in particular with regard to the establishment, implementation or termination of employment relationships and the consent of employees. Furthermore, state data protection laws of the individual federal states may apply.
Security measures
We take appropriate technical and organizational measures in accordance with the legal requirements, taking into account the state of the art, the implementation costs and the type, scope, circumstances and purposes of the processing as well as the different probabilities of occurrence and the extent of the threat to the rights and freedoms of natural persons Measures to ensure a level of protection appropriate to the risk.
The measures include, in particular, securing the confidentiality, integrity and availability of data by controlling physical and electronic access to the data as well as access, input, disclosure, securing availability and their separation. Furthermore, we have set up procedures that ensure the exercise of data subject rights, the deletion of data and reactions to data threats. Furthermore, we already take the protection of personal data into account during the development or selection of hardware, software and processes in accordance with the principle of data protection, through technology design and through data protection-friendly default settings.
SSL encryption (https): In order to protect your data transmitted via our online offer, we use SSL encryption. You can recognize such encrypted connections by the prefix https:// in the address line of your browser.
Transmission of personal data
As part of our processing of personal data, it may happen that the data is transmitted to other bodies, companies, legally independent organizational units or persons or that it is disclosed to them. The recipients of this data can include, for example, service providers commissioned with IT tasks or providers of services and content that are integrated into a website. In such a case, we observe the legal requirements and, in particular, conclude appropriate contracts or agreements with the recipients of your data that serve to protect your data.
Data processing in third countries
If we process data in a third country (i.e. outside the European Union (EU), the European Economic Area (EEA)) or the processing within the scope of the use of third party services or the disclosure or transmission of data to other persons, bodies or companies, this is only done in accordance with the legal requirements.
Subject to express consent or contractually or legally required transmission, we only process or have the data processed in third countries with a recognized level of data protection, contractual obligation through so-called standard protection clauses of the EU Commission, if there are certifications or binding internal data protection regulations (Art. 44 to 49 DSGVO, Information page of the EU Commission: https://ec.europa.eu/info/law/law-topic/data-protection/international-dimension-data-protection_de).
Deletion of data
The data processed by us will be deleted in accordance with the legal requirements as soon as your consent to processing is revoked or other permissions are no longer applicable (e.g. if the purpose of processing this data no longer applies or it is not required for the purpose).
If the data is not deleted because it is required for other, legally permissible purposes, its processing will be limited to these purposes. This means that the data will be blocked and not processed for other purposes. This applies, for example, to data that must be stored for commercial or tax reasons or whose storage is necessary to assert, exercise or defend legal claims or to protect the rights of another natural or legal person.
Our data protection information can also contain further information on the storage and deletion of data, which apply primarily to the respective processing.
Use of cookies
Cookies are small text files or other memory notes that store information on end devices and read information from the end devices. For example, to save the login status in a user account, the content of a shopping cart in an e-shop, the content accessed or the functions used in an online offer. Cookies can also be used for various purposes, e.g. for purposes of functionality, security and comfort of online offers as well as the creation of analyzes of visitor flows.
Notes on consent: We use cookies in accordance with legal regulations. Therefore, we obtain prior consent from users, except where not required by law. In particular, consent is not necessary if the storage and reading of the information, including cookies, is absolutely necessary in order to provide the users with a telemedia service (i.e. our online offer) that they have expressly requested. The revocable consent is clearly communicated to the users and contains the information on the respective cookie use.
Notes on the legal basis for data protection: The legal basis under data protection law on which we process the personal data of users with the help of cookies depends on whether we ask users for their consent. If the users consent, the legal basis for the processing of your data is the declared consent. Otherwise, the data processed with the help of cookies will be processed on the basis of our legitimate interests (e.g. in the commercial operation of our online offer and improving its usability) or, if this is done in the context of fulfilling our contractual obligations, if the use of cookies is necessary to enable our to fulfill contractual obligations. We will explain the purposes for which we process cookies in the course of this data protection declaration or as part of our consent and processing processes.
Duration of storage: With regard to the duration of storage, a distinction is made between the following types of cookies:
Temporary cookies (also: session or session cookies): Temporary cookies are deleted at the latest after a user has left an online offer and his end device (e.g. browser or mobile application) has closed.
Permanent cookies: Permanent cookies remain stored even after the end device is closed. For example, the login status can be saved or preferred content can be displayed directly when the user visits a website again. Likewise, the user data collected with the help of cookies can be used to measure reach. Unless we provide users with explicit information on the type and storage period of cookies (e.g. when obtaining consent), users should assume that cookies are permanent and the storage period can be up to two years.
General information on revocation and objection (opt-out): Users can revoke the consent they have given at any time and also object to the processing in accordance with the legal requirements in Art. 21 DSGVO (further information on the objection is provided in this data protection declaration). Users can also declare their objection using the settings in their browser.
Further information on processing processes, procedures and services:
Processing of cookie data on the basis of consent: We use a procedure for cookie consent management, in the context of which the consent of the user to the use of cookies, or in the context of the The processing and providers mentioned in the cookie consent management procedure can be obtained and managed and revoked by the users. The declaration of consent is stored here so that the query does not have to be repeated and to be able to prove the consent in accordance with the legal obligation. The storage can take place on the server side and/or in a cookie (so-called opt-in cookie, or with the help of comparable technologies) in order to be able to assign the consent to a user or his device. Subject to individual information about the providers of cookie management services, the following information applies: The duration of the storage of the consent can be up to two years. A pseudonymous user identifier is created and stored with the time of the consent, information on the scope of the consent (e.g. which categories of cookies and/or service providers) and the browser, system and end device used.
Provision of the online offer and web hosting
In order to be able to provide our online offer securely and efficiently, we use the services of one or more web hosting providers from whose servers (or servers managed by them) the online offer can be accessed. For these purposes, we may use infrastructure and platform services, computing capacity, storage space and database services, as well as security services and technical maintenance services.
The data processed as part of the provision of the hosting offer may include all information relating to the users of our online offer that arises in the context of use and communication. This regularly includes the IP address, which is necessary in order to be able to deliver the content of online offers to browsers, and all entries made within our online offer or on websites.
Types of data processed: content data (e.g. entries in online forms); Usage data (e.g. websites visited, interest in content, access times); Meta/communication data (e.g. device information, IP addresses).
Affected persons: users (e.g. website visitors, users of online services).
Purposes of processing: Provision of our online offer and user-friendliness.
Legal basis: Legitimate interests (Art. 6 Para. 1 S. 1 lit. f. GDPR).
Further information on processing procedures, procedures and services:
Collection of access data and log files: We ourselves (or our web hosting provider) collect data on every access to the server (so-called server log files). The address and name of the retrieved websites and files, date and time of retrieval, amounts of data transferred, notification of successful retrieval, browser type and version, the user's operating system, referrer URL (the previously visited page) and, as a rule, IP Addresses and the requesting provider belong. The server log files can be used on the one hand for security purposes, e.g. to avoid overloading the server (especially in the case of abusive attacks, so-called DDoS attacks) and on the other hand to ensure server utilization and stability; Deletion of data: Log file information is stored for a maximum of 30 days and then deleted or made anonymous. Data whose further storage is required for evidence purposes are excluded from deletion until the respective incident has been finally clarified.
Contact and inquiry
management When contacting us (e.g. via contact form, e-mail, telephone or via social media) as well as in the context of existing user and business relationships, the details of the inquiring person are processed to the extent necessary to answer the contact inquiries and any requested measures is.
The answering of contact inquiries as well as the administration of contact and inquiry data within the framework of contractual or pre-contractual relationships takes place to fulfill our contractual obligations or to answer (pre)contractual inquiries and otherwise on the basis of the legitimate interests in answering the inquiries and maintenance of User or Business Relationships.
Types of data processed: Inventory data (e.g. names, addresses); Contact information (e.g. email, phone numbers); Content data (e.g. entries in online forms).
Affected persons: communication partners.
Purposes of processing: contact requests and communication; Provision of contractual services and customer service.
Legal basis: Fulfillment of contract and pre-contractual inquiries (Art. 6 Para. 1 S. 1 lit. b. GDPR); Legitimate interests (Art. 6 Para. 1 S. 1 lit. f. GDPR); Legal obligation (Art. 6 Para. 1 S. 1 lit. c. GDPR).
Further information on processing procedures, procedures and services:
Contact form: If users contact us via our contact form, e-mail or other communication channels, we process the data communicated to us in this context to process the communicated request. For this purpose, we process personal data within the framework of pre-contractual and contractual business relationships, insofar as this is necessary for their fulfillment and otherwise on the basis of our legitimate interests and the interests of the communication partners in answering the concerns and our legal storage obligations.
Newsletter and electronic notifications
We send newsletters, e-mails and other electronic notifications (hereinafter "newsletter") only with the consent of the recipient or legal permission. If the content of the newsletter is specifically described when registering for it, they are for the consent the user is decisive. Our newsletters also contain information about our services and us.
In order to register for our newsletters, it is generally sufficient if you enter your e-mail address. However, we may ask you to enter a name so that we can address you personally in the newsletter, or to provide further information if this is required for the purposes of the newsletter after registration, you will receive an e-mail asking you to confirm your registration. Confirmation is necessary so that no one can register with someone else's email address. The registrations for the newsletter are logged in order to be able to prove the registration process in accordance with the legal requirements. This includes storing the time of registration and confirmation as well as the IP address. Changes to your data stored by the shipping service provider are also logged.
Deletion and restriction of processing: We can store the unsubscribed e-mail addresses for up to three years on the basis of our legitimate interests before we delete them in order to be able to prove a previously given consent. The processing of this data is limited to the purpose of a possible defense against claims. An individual request for deletion is possible at any time, provided that the previous existence of consent is confirmed at the same time. In the case of obligations to permanently observe contradictions, we reserve the right to store the e-mail address in a blacklist (so-called "blocklist") solely for this purpose.
The registration process is logged on the basis of our legitimate interests for the purpose of proving that it was carried out properly. If we commission a service provider to send emails, this is done on the basis of our legitimate interests in an efficient and secure shipping system.
Notes on the legal basis: The newsletter is sent on the basis of the consent of the recipient or, if consent is not required, on the basis of our legitimate interests in direct marketing, if and to the extent that this is permitted by law, e.g. in the case of advertising for existing customers. If we commission a service provider to send emails, this is done on the basis of our legitimate interests in efficient and secure delivery. The registration process is recorded on the basis of our legitimate interests to demonstrate that it has been carried out in accordance with the law.
Contents:
Information about us, our concerts, campaigns and the pieces.
Types of data processed: Inventory data (e.g. names, addresses); Contact information (e.g. email, phone numbers); Meta/communication data (e.g. device information, IP addresses); Usage data (e.g. websites visited, interest in content, access times).
Affected persons: communication partners.
Purposes of processing: direct marketing (e.g. by e-mail or post).
Legal basis: Consent (Art. 6 Para. 1 S. 1 lit. a. GDPR); Legitimate interests (Art. 6 Para. 1 S. 1 lit. f. GDPR).
Possibility of objection (opt-out): You can cancel the receipt of our newsletter at any time, ie revoke your consent or object to further receipt. You will find a link to cancel the newsletter either at the end of each newsletter or you can use one of the contact options given above, preferably e-mail.
Further information on processing procedures, procedures and services:
Measurement of opening and click rates: The newsletters contain a so-called "web beacon", ie a pixel-sized file that is sent by our server when the newsletter is opened or, if we use a shipping service provider , is retrieved from its server. As part of this retrieval, technical information, such as information about the browser and your system, as well as your IP address and the time of retrieval, is initially collected. This information is used to technically improve our newsletter based on the technical data or the target groups and their reading behavior based on their retrieval locations (which can be determined using the IP address) or the access times.This analysis also includes determining whether the newsletters are opened, when they are opened andblocked blocked protected blocked protected protected blocked blocked blocked protected protected blocked Protected Protected Locked Protected Protected Protected Protected Protected Locked Blocked Locked Blocked Blocked Locked Blocked Locked Blocked Blocked Locked Locked Protected Blocked Blocked Locked Locked Locked Protected Locked Protected Protected Locked Protected Blocked Protected Protected Locked Blocked Locked Blocked Blocked Locked Locked Locked Protected Protected Locked locked protected locked protected protected protected locked locked blocked protected protected locked blocked blocked blocked protected protected locked protected blocked blocked blocked protected blocked protected blocked blocked blocked protected protected protected blocked protected protected protected blocked protected blocked blocked protected protected blocked blocked .
SendinBlue: email marketing platform; Service Provider: SendinBlue SAS, 55, rue d'Amsterdam, 75008 Paris, France; Website: https://de.sendinblue.com/; Privacy Policy: https://www.sendinblue.com/legal/privacypolicy/; Standard contractual clauses (ensuring the level of data protection when processing in third countries): concluded with the provider.
Presence in social networks (social media)
We maintain online presences within social networks and process user data in this context in order to communicate with the users active there or to offer information about us.
We would like to point out that user data can be processed outside of the European Union. This can result in risks for the user, because it could make it more difficult to enforce the user's rights, for example.
Furthermore, user data is usually processed within social networks for market research and advertising purposes. For example, usage profiles can be created on the basis of usage behavior and the resulting interests of users. The usage profiles can in turn be used, for example, to place advertisements inside and outside the networks that presumably correspond to the interests of the user. For these purposes, cookies are usually stored on the users' computers, in which the usage behavior and the interests of the users are stored. Furthermore, data can also be stored in the usage profiles independently of the devices used by the users (especially if the users are members of the respective platforms and are logged in to them).
For a detailed description of the respective forms of processing and the possibility of objection (opt-out), we refer to the data protection declarations and information provided by the operators of the respective networks.
Also in the case of requests for information and the assertion of data subject rights, we would like to point out that these can be asserted most effectively with the providers. Only the providers have access to the data of the users and can take appropriate measures and provide information directly. If you still need help, you can contact us.
Types of data processed: contact details (e.g. e-mail, telephone numbers); Content data (e.g. entries in online forms); Usage data (e.g. websites visited, interest in content, access times); Meta/communication data (e.g. device information, IP addresses).
Affected persons: users (e.g. website visitors, users of online services).
Purposes of processing: contact requests and communication; Feedback (e.g. collecting feedback via online form); Marketing.
Legal basis: Legitimate interests (Art. 6 Para. 1 S. 1 lit. f. GDPR).
Further information on processing, procedures and services:
Facebook pages: Profiles within the Facebook social network - we are jointly responsible with Meta Platforms Ireland Limited for the collection (but not further processing) of data from visitors to our Facebook page (so-called "fan page"). This data includes information about the types of content users view or interact with, or the actions they take (see “Things Done and Provided by You and Others” in the Facebook Data Policy: https:// www.facebook.com/policy), as well as information about the devices used by the users (e.g. IP addresses, operating system, browser type, language settings, cookie data; see under "Device information" in the Facebook data policy: https: //www.facebook.com/policy). As explained in the Facebook Data Policy under "How do we use this information?", Facebook also collects and uses information to provide analytics services, called "Page Insights," to site operators so that they can gain insights into how people are using their Pages and interact with the content associated with them. We have concluded a special agreement with Facebook ("Information on Page Insights", https://www.facebook.com/legal/terms/page_controller_addendum), which regulates in particular which security measures Facebook must observe and in which Facebook itself has declared its willingness to fulfill the rights of the data subject (ie users can, for example, send information or requests for deletion directly to Facebook). The rights of users (in particular to information, deletion, objection and complaints to the competent supervisory authority) are not restricted by the agreements with Facebook. Further information can be found in the "Information on page insights" (https://www.facebook.com/legal/terms/information_about_page_insights_data); Service Provider: Meta Platforms Ireland Limited, 4 Grand Canal Square, Grand Canal Harbour, Dublin 2, Ireland; Website: https://www.facebook.com; Privacy Policy:https://www.facebook.com/about/privacy; Standard contractual clauses (ensuring the level of data protection when processing in third countries): https://www.facebook.com/legal/EU_data_transfer_addendum; More information: Joint Controllership Agreement: https://www.facebook.com/legal/terms/information_about_page_insights_data.
Twitter: social network; Service Provider: Twitter International Company, One Cumberland Place, Fenian Street, Dublin 2 D02 AX07, Ireland, Parent Company: Twitter Inc., 1355 Market Street, Suite 900, San Francisco, CA 94103, USA; Privacy Policy: https://twitter.com/privacy, (Settings: https://twitter.com/personalization).
YouTube: social network and video platform; Service provider: Google Ireland Limited, Gordon House, Barrow Street, Dublin 4, Ireland, parent company: Google LLC, 1600 Amphitheater Parkway, Mountain View, CA 94043, USA; Privacy Policy: https://policies.google.com/privacy; Possibility of objection (opt-out): https://adssettings.google.com/authenticated.
Plugins and embedded functions and content
We integrate functional and content elements into our online offer that are obtained from the servers of their respective providers (hereinafter referred to as "third-party providers"). These can be graphics, videos or city maps, for example (hereinafter collectively referred to as “Content”).
The integration always requires that the third-party providers of this content process the IP address of the user, since without the IP address they could not send the content to their browser. The IP address is therefore required for the display of this content or functions. We endeavor to only use content whose respective providers only use the IP address to deliver the content. Third-party providers can also use so-called pixel tags (invisible graphics, also known as "web beacons") for statistical or marketing purposes. The "pixel tags" can be used to evaluate information such as visitor traffic on the pages of this website. The pseudonymous information can also be stored in cookies on the user's device and contain, among other things, technical information about the browser and the operating system, websites to be referred to, the time of the visit and other information on the use of our online offer and can also be linked to such information from other sources.
Notes on legal bases: If we ask users for their consent to the use of third-party providers, the legal basis for processing data is consent. Otherwise, user data is processed on the basis of our legitimate interests (ie interest in efficient, economical and recipient-friendly services). In this context, we would also like to draw your attention to the information on the use of cookies in this data protection declaration.
Types of data processed: usage data (e.g. websites visited, interest in content, access times); Meta/communication data (e.g. device information, IP addresses).
Affected persons: users (e.g. website visitors, users of online services).
Purposes of processing: Provision of our online offer and user-friendliness; Provision of contractual services and customer service.
Legal basis: Legitimate interests (Art. 6 Para. 1 S. 1 lit. f. GDPR); Consent (Art. 6 Para. 1 S. 1 lit. a. GDPR); Fulfillment of contract and pre-contractual inquiries (Art. 6 Para. 1 S. 1 lit. b. GDPR).
Further information on processing processes, procedures and services:
Google Fonts: We integrate the fonts ("Google Fonts") from the provider Google, whereby the user data is used solely for the purpose of displaying the fonts in the user's browser. The integration is based on our legitimate interests in a technically secure, maintenance-free and efficient use of fonts, their uniform representation and taking into account possible licensing restrictions for their integration; Service provider: Google Ireland Limited, Gordon House, Barrow Street, Dublin 4, Ireland, parent company: Google LLC, 1600 Amphitheater Parkway, Mountain View, CA 94043, USA; Website: https://fonts.google.com/; Privacy Policy: https://policies.google.com/privacy.
YouTube videos: video content; YouTube videos are integrated via a special domain (recognizable by the "youtube-nocookie" component) in the so-called "extended data protection mode", which means that no cookies are collected on user activities in order to personalize video playback. Nevertheless, information on the user's interaction with the video (e.g. remembering the last playback point) can be saved; Service provider: Google Ireland Limited, Gordon House, Barrow Street, Dublin 4, Ireland, parent company: Google LLC, 1600 Amphitheater Parkway, Mountain View, CA 94043, USA; Website: https://www.youtube.com; Privacy Policy: https://policies.google.com/privacy.
Change and update of the privacy policy
We ask you to inform yourself regularly about the content of our data protection declaration. We will adapt the data protection declaration as soon as the changes in the data processing we carry out make this necessary. We will inform you as soon as the changes require your cooperation (e.g. consent) or other individual notification.
If we provide addresses and contact information of companies and organizations in this data protection declaration, please note that the addresses can change over time and ask you to check the information before contacting us.
Rights of data subjects
As a data subject, you have various rights under the GDPR, which result in particular from Art. 15 to 21 GDPR:
Right of objection: You have the right, for reasons arising from your particular situation, to object at any time to the processing of your personal data, which is based on Article 6 Paragraph 1 lit. e or f GDPR; this also applies to profiling based on these provisions. If the personal data concerning you is processed in order to operate direct advertising, you have the right to object at any time to the processing of your personal data for the purpose of such advertising; this also applies to profiling insofar as it is associated with such direct advertising.
Right of withdrawal for consent: You have the right to withdraw your consent at any time.
Right to information: You have the right to request confirmation as to whether the data in question is being processed and to request information about this data as well as further information and a copy of the data in accordance with legal requirements.
Right to rectification: In accordance with legal requirements, you have the right to request the completion of the data concerning you or the correction of incorrect data concerning you.
Right to erasure and restriction of processing: You have the right, in accordance with the legal requirements, to request that the data concerning you be deleted immediately, or alternatively to request a restriction of the processing of the data in accordance with the legal requirements.
Right to data portability: You have the right to receive the data that you have provided to us in accordance with the legal requirements in a structured, common and machine-readable format or to request that it be transmitted to another person responsible.
Complaint to supervisory authority: Without prejudice to any other administrative or judicial remedy, you have the right to complain to a supervisory authority, in particular in the member state of your habitual residence, your place of work or the place of the alleged infringement, if you believe that the processing of data concerning you personal data violates the provisions of the GDPR.
Definitions of terms
In diesem Abschnitt erhalten Sie eine Übersicht über die in dieser Datenschutzerklärung verwendeten Begrifflichkeiten. Viele der Begriffe sind dem Gesetz entnommen und vor allem im Art. 4 DSGVO definiert. Die gesetzlichen Definitionen sind verbindlich. Die nachfolgenden Erläuterungen sollen dagegen vor allem dem Verständnis dienen. Die Begriffe sind alphabetisch sortiert.
Personal data: "Personal data" means any information relating to an identified or identifiable natural person (hereinafter "data subject"); an identifiable natural person is one who can be identified directly or indirectly, in particular by means of assignment to an identifier such as a name, an identification number, location data, an online identifier (e.g. cookie) or one or more special features, are an expression of the physical, physiological, genetic, mental, economic, cultural or social identity of that natural person.
Responsible: The "responsible person" is the natural or legal person, authority, institution or other body that alone or jointly with others decides on the purposes and means of processing personal data.
Processing: "Processing" is any process or series of processes carried out with or without the aid of automated processes in connection with personal data. The term goes far and covers practically every handling of data, be it collection, evaluation, storage, transmission or deletion.
